What does the First Amendment guarantee?

The First Amendment to the United States Constitution is a cornerstone of American democracy, primarily focused on protecting individual liberties. It guarantees several fundamental rights that are essential for the functioning of a free society, including freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and the right to petition the government for redress of grievances.

Freedom of speech protects individuals' rights to express their opinions and ideas without government interference. This freedom is vital for public discourse and the exchange of ideas. The right to practice any religion (or no religion at all) ensures that individuals can follow their beliefs without fear of coercion or punishment, which is critical in a diverse society.

Additionally, freedom of the press allows for independent journalism, which plays an essential role in informing the public and holding the government accountable. The right to assemble peacefully enables citizens to gather and express their collective views, a crucial aspect of civil engagement. Lastly, the right to petition gives individuals the power to voice their concerns and seek change from their government, thus supporting a responsive political system.

In contrast, the other options do not encapsulate the essence of the First Amendment's guarantees. Freedom of movement, privacy, and freedom from taxation are issues dealt with under different legal frameworks and rights, but they are not explicitly protected