What system prevents one branch of government from becoming too powerful?

The correct answer is Checks and Balances, which is a fundamental principle embedded in the structure of the U.S. government. This system ensures that each of the three branches of government—executive, legislative, and judicial—has some measure of influence over the other branches and may choose to limit their powers. This interplay is designed to prevent any single branch from gaining excessive authority and potentially abusing power.

For instance, while the legislative branch creates laws, the executive branch can veto those laws, and the judicial branch can interpret them. Additionally, the legislature has the power to impeach members of the executive and judicial branches, further ensuring accountability. This intricate web of oversight helps maintain a balanced government functioning in a manner that reflects democratic principles and protects individual liberties.

Federalism refers to the division of power between national and state governments, while Separation of Powers outlines the distinct functions of each branch but does not inherently provide for the checks that ensure balance. Judicial Review pertains to the ability of courts to assess the constitutionality of laws, which is a part of the system but not the overarching mechanism that keeps all branches in check.