Which compromise ensured that each state would have an equal number of senators regardless of population?

The Great Compromise, also known as the Connecticut Compromise, was instrumental in shaping the legislative structure of the United States. This compromise addressed the concerns of both larger and smaller states during the Constitutional Convention of 1787. It established a bicameral legislature consisting of two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives.

In the Senate, each state is allocated two senators, ensuring that all states have equal representation regardless of their population size. This was particularly important for smaller states, which feared being overshadowed by more populous states in legislative matters. The House of Representatives, on the other hand, is based on population, allowing larger states to have more representatives. This dual system balances the interests of both smaller and larger states, reflecting the compromises necessary to foster unity and agreement among the diverse states forming the new nation.

Other options like the New Jersey Plan and the Virginia Plan proposed different methods of representation, favoring either smaller or larger states, respectively. The Three-Fifths Compromise addressed the issue of how enslaved people would be counted for representation and taxation, but it did not involve Senate representation. Thus, the Great Compromise is the correct choice as it specifically ensured equal representation in the Senate for all states.