Which term describes constitutional powers assigned to one agency but exercised by another?

The term that describes constitutional powers assigned to one agency but exercised by another is delegated powers. Delegated powers refer to the authority that is officially given to one entity—such as a government agency or a particular branch of government—to carry out specific functions, but which may be exercised by another entity. This process is often seen in how certain agencies operate under the authority of Congress or the President, carrying out functions and responsibilities that they have been legally assigned.

The concept of delegated powers is significant in understanding how government operates because it highlights the delegation and division of authority within the structure of government. For example, Congress may delegate powers to executive agencies to implement laws and regulations, allowing these agencies to enact policy decisions based on the framework established by legislation.

In contrast, the other terms refer to different types of authority. Expressed powers are explicitly stated in the Constitution and are directly granted to government entities. Inherent powers are those assumed by a government because they are necessary for the government to function effectively, even if not explicitly listed in the Constitution. Statutory powers arise from legislative statutes and can be specific in nature, often detailing how laws will be executed. Understanding these distinctions provides clarity on how governmental powers and responsibilities are organized and exercised.